據今日油價網站8月14日消息 世界上一些最大的石油和天然氣公司已經開始出售他們所謂的碳中和石油和液化天然氣，因為買家越來越關注全球能源供應的環境認證。

　　過去幾年，幾家主要石油公司宣布銷售碳中和液化天然氣貨物。隨著全球向凈零排放邁進，這一趨勢只會變得更加強勁。

　　但碳中和，尤其是對于液化天然氣貨物而言，乍一看并不如此。

　　人們可能會認為，碳中和這一術語意味著天然氣生產、液化和運輸過程中產生的排放已經通過碳捕獲等技術得到了抵消。

　　事實上，這種碳中和狀態是由液化天然氣買家和賣家為參與世界其他地方（實際上是任何地方）的減排項目而付費實現。

　　石油和天然氣公司購買經過驗證的碳信用額度，主要用于基于自然的解決方案，以防止某處的森林砍伐，這種方法實際上并沒有減少液化天然氣貨物的碳排放。如果他們投資的減排項目沒有實施，它只是為了通過防止潛在排放來抵消這些排放。

　　彭博社在一篇調查性文章中報道，減排項目提供商的分析師和代表表示，這些碳抵消方法無法實現凈零目標，而且難以計算。

　　王磊 摘譯自 今日油價

　　原文如下：

　　Is Carbon Neutral Oil Really Possible?

　　Some of the world’s biggest oil and gas firms have started to sell what they say is carbon-neutral oil and liquefied natural gas (LNG) as buyers increasingly look at the environmental credentials of global energy supply.

　　Several major oil firms have announced sales of carbon-neutral LNG cargoes in the past few years. The trend is only set to become stronger amid the global push toward net-zero emissions.

　　But ‘carbon neutral’, especially for LNG cargoes, is not what it looks like at first glance.

　　One would think that the term carbon neutral implies that the emissions generated from the production, liquefaction, and transportation of the gas have been offset during those processes with technologies such as carbon capture, for example.

　　In reality, this “carbon-neutral” status is being achieved by LNG buyers and sellers paying for participation in emissions-reduction projects elsewhere (actually anywhere) in the world.

　　Oil and gas firms buy verified carbon credits, mostly for nature-based solutions, to prevent deforestation somewhere. This approach doesn’t actually reduce the carbon emissions from an LNG cargo; it just aims to offset those emissions with the prevention of potential emissions if the emission-reduction project they are invested in wasn’t implemented.

　　Analysts and representatives of providers of emission-reduction projects say that these carbon-offsetting approaches do not advance net-zero goals and are difficult to calculate, Bloomberg reports in an investigative article.

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