據(jù)油價(jià)網(wǎng)2021年6月8日?qǐng)?bào)道，歐佩克秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)穆罕默德·巴爾金都6月8日在尼日利亞舉行的第四屆國(guó)際石油峰會(huì)上表示，在2015年和2016年的上次油價(jià)危機(jī)中，歐佩克成員國(guó)共損失了1萬(wàn)億美元的收入。由于疫情導(dǎo)致的油價(jià)危機(jī)對(duì)石油行業(yè)的打擊比2014-2016年危機(jī)嚴(yán)重得多，歐佩克成員國(guó)去年遭受的損失可能會(huì)超過(guò)1萬(wàn)億美元，但這些損失仍在計(jì)算中。
尼日利亞領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層援引巴爾金都的話(huà)表示，“在歐佩克，我們對(duì)發(fā)生的事情感到震驚，我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有想象過(guò)。去年4月20日，西德克薩斯中質(zhì)原油價(jià)格歷史上首次下跌至每桶-37美元。”
巴爾金都說(shuō)：“面對(duì)這種前所未有的局面，歐佩克知道它必須采取行動(dòng)。值得慶幸的是，我們不需要白費(fèi)力氣做重復(fù)工作。我們轉(zhuǎn)向幫助我們走出2015-2016年石油市場(chǎng)低迷的機(jī)制:《合作宣言》(DoC)。這是我們從危機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)遇的一種努力。”
歐佩克歷史性的石油生產(chǎn)控制協(xié)議確實(shí)是去年阻止油價(jià)自由下跌的因素之一，再加上亞洲對(duì)石油需求的快速?gòu)?fù)蘇，幫助減少了全球過(guò)剩的石油庫(kù)存，現(xiàn)在又將油價(jià)推至兩年高點(diǎn)。
歐佩克目前正在放寬去年達(dá)成的減產(chǎn)協(xié)議，這將使全球原油日供應(yīng)量增加大約200萬(wàn)桶。然而，交易商們并不擔(dān)心:需求的增長(zhǎng)速度快于大多數(shù)人的預(yù)期。更重要的是，盡管早前有預(yù)測(cè)，但石油需求可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)回升到新冠肺炎疫情大流行前的水平，國(guó)際能源署（IEA）現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為，石油需求將在一年內(nèi)恢復(fù)到這些水平。
歐佩克在這場(chǎng)新冠肺炎疫情大流行危機(jī)中損失了多少收入還有待觀察，但數(shù)額肯定很大。
李峻 編譯自 油價(jià)
原文如下：
OPEC Lost $1 Trillion In The 2015 Oil Price Crash
The members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries lost a collective $1 trillion in foregone revenues during the last crisis in 2015 and 2016, the cartel’s secretary-general said at the Fourth International Petroleum Summit in Nigeria. With the Covid-19 crisis hitting the oil industry a lot harder than the 2014-2016 crisis, chances are the losses that OPEC producers suffered last year would be even greater than $1 trillion, but these are still being calculated.
“In OPEC, we were stunned by things happening that we never imagined possible. On April 20, 2020, WTI went negative for the first time in history, with prices plummeting to –$37 per barrel. Sellers were paying buyers to lift their crude,” Mohammed Barkindo said, as quoted by Nigerian Leadership.
“In response to this unprecedented situation, OPEC knew it had to act. Thankfully, we did not need to reinvent the wheel. We turned to the mechanism that had helped us emerge out of the 2015-2016 oil market downturn: the Declaration of Cooperation (DoC). It was an effort to move from crisis to opportunity,” he said.
OPEC’s historic oil production control deal was indeed one of the factors, coupled with the quick recovery of demand for oil in Asia, that arrested the freefall of oil prices last year, helped draw down excessive global oil inventories, and now, is leading prices to two-year highs.
OPEC is now easing the cuts it agreed to last year, which will add some 2 million barrels daily to global supply. Traders, however, are not worried: demand is improving faster than most expected. What’s more, despite earlier forecasts, it might never rebound to pre-pandemic levels, the IEA now sees oil demand returning to these levels within a year.
How much money OPEC lost in foregone revenues from the pandemic crisis is yet to be seen, but the amount will certainly be substantial.
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