據(jù)烴加工7月19日消息，盡管與2019年創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的產(chǎn)量相比，美國(guó)的石油和天然氣產(chǎn)量同比有所下降，但在2020年，美國(guó)石油和天然氣產(chǎn)量超過(guò)了其他任何國(guó)家(這一趨勢(shì)始于2014年)。美國(guó)2020年的石油和天然氣總產(chǎn)量為66.9萬(wàn)億英熱單位，超過(guò)俄羅斯的45.5萬(wàn)億英熱單位和沙特阿拉伯的26.5萬(wàn)億英熱單位。

　　2020年，這三個(gè)國(guó)家的石油和天然氣產(chǎn)量均出現(xiàn)下降，原因新冠疫情期間需求迅速下降，原油價(jià)格隨之下跌，特別是在2020年第一季度。作為歐佩克+協(xié)議的一部分，沙特阿拉伯和俄羅斯同意減少原油產(chǎn)量，但在美國(guó)，減產(chǎn)主要是由于油價(jià)導(dǎo)致致密油投資減少，在較小程度上是由于計(jì)劃外停產(chǎn)。

　　石油生產(chǎn)包括幾種類(lèi)型的液體燃料，包括原油和凝析油、天然氣液(NGPL)和瀝青。美國(guó)石油產(chǎn)量從2019年的31.8萬(wàn)億英熱單位下降到2020年的30.4萬(wàn)億英熱單位。原油和凝析油占了下降的最大份額，為1.9萬(wàn)億英文單位。相比之下，由于國(guó)內(nèi)乙烷消費(fèi)量和出口量的增加，2020年NGPL產(chǎn)量增長(zhǎng)了0.4萬(wàn)億英熱單位。

　　新冠疫情導(dǎo)致的需求下降對(duì)天然氣產(chǎn)量的影響要小得多。在俄羅斯，由于2020年至2021年冬季氣溫低于正常水平，以及歐盟可再生能源發(fā)電量增加，天然氣產(chǎn)量下降。俄羅斯天然氣產(chǎn)量下降了2.1 萬(wàn)億英熱單位，幾乎與石油產(chǎn)量下降2.3萬(wàn)億英熱單位持平。

　　裘寅 編譯自 烴加工

　　原文如下：

　　U.S. leads global petroleum and natural gas production

　　More petroleum and natural gas was produced in the United States than in any other country during 2020 (a trend that began in 2014), despite year-on-year declines from the record-high production in 2019. U.S. petroleum and natural gas output in 2020 totaled 66.9 quadrillion British thermal units (quads), which was more than both Russia’s 45.5 quads and Saudi Arabia’s 26.5 quads of petroleum and natural gas production.

　　Petroleum and natural gas production fell in all three countries in 2020 following a rapid decline in demand during the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent crude oil price declines, particularly in the first quarter of 2020. Saudi Arabia and Russia agreed to reduce their crude oil production as part of an OPEC+ agreement, but in the United States, reduced production was largely the result of a price-induced fall in tight oil investments and, to a lesser extent, unplanned outages.

　　Petroleum production includes several types of liquid fuels, including crude oil and lease condensate, natural gas plant liquids (NGPL), and bitumen. U.S. petroleum production decreased from 31.8 quads in 2019 to 30.4 quads in 2020. Crude oil and condensate accounted for the largest share of the decrease, at 1.9 quads. In contrast, NGPL production in 2020 grew by 0.4 quads, boosted by an increase in domestic ethane consumption and in ethane exports.

　　COVID-19-driven decreases in demand affected natural gas production far less. In Russia, natural gas production fell in response to milder-than-normal temperatures during the 2020–2021 winter and to increases in renewable electricity generation in the EU. Natural gas production in Russia fell by 2.1 quads, nearly equal to its decline of 2.3 quads in oil production.

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