???? 據(jù)能源之聲3月24日消息，澳大利亞著名油氣生產(chǎn)商桑托斯(Santos)授予了其在澳大利亞北部36億美元的巴羅薩LNG項(xiàng)目的最大合同，該項(xiàng)目將對(duì)達(dá)爾文LNG進(jìn)行回填。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的信號(hào)，表明該計(jì)劃即將獲得最終批準(zhǔn)。
????桑托斯今天表示，BW Offshore將建造、連接和運(yùn)營(yíng)浮式生產(chǎn)儲(chǔ)存和卸載(FPSO)船。該交易將取決于最終投資決定(FID)，預(yù)計(jì)將在幾周內(nèi)完成。該交易標(biāo)志著巴羅薩海上天然氣和凝析油項(xiàng)目的最大資本支出，該項(xiàng)目旨在回填老化的達(dá)爾文LNG出口終端。
????根據(jù)一項(xiàng)混合融資協(xié)議，合資公司巴羅薩將在預(yù)付約一半的資本成本的前提下租賃FPSO，并持有收購(gòu)浮船的選擇權(quán)。桑托斯表示，這“實(shí)現(xiàn)了大約10億美元的總資本支出削減”。
????桑托斯首席執(zhí)行官Kevin Gallagher表示:“資本支出的減少使巴羅薩成為世界上LNG供應(yīng)成本最低的項(xiàng)目之一，并將為日益緊張的LNG市場(chǎng)提供新的供應(yīng)。”
????去年12月，澳大利亞研究和咨詢公司EnergyQuest報(bào)告稱，去年年末該公司投資者日展示的一張圖表顯示(沒(méi)有點(diǎn)名競(jìng)爭(zhēng)項(xiàng)目)，巴羅薩至達(dá)爾文LNG的成本將略低于PNG LNG項(xiàng)目，大大低于伍德賽德石油公司在西澳大利亞棕地項(xiàng)目的成本。
????該FPSO將在韓國(guó)和新加坡建造，然后被拖到該油田永久安裝，在那里它將處理天然氣，然后通過(guò)管道運(yùn)輸?shù)竭_(dá)爾文LNG終端。凝析油將儲(chǔ)存在FPSO上，用于定期卸載。
????一旦桑托斯運(yùn)營(yíng)的帝汶海Bayu-Undan油田的現(xiàn)有儲(chǔ)量枯竭，巴羅薩將為現(xiàn)有的桑托斯運(yùn)營(yíng)的達(dá)爾文LNG工廠提供下一個(gè)天然氣來(lái)源。
????Gallagher表示，F(xiàn)PSO合同的簽訂是基于過(guò)去六個(gè)月巴羅薩項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展勢(shì)頭，也是最終投資決策之前的最后一個(gè)里程碑。
????Gallagher補(bǔ)充道:“去年年底，我們宣布，通過(guò)達(dá)爾文收費(fèi)的巴羅薩天然氣運(yùn)輸和加工協(xié)議已經(jīng)完成，我們還與日本三菱公司全資子公司Diamond gas International簽署了長(zhǎng)期液化天然氣銷售協(xié)議。”
????桑托斯表示，巴羅薩項(xiàng)目的最終投資決策預(yù)計(jì)將在未來(lái)幾周內(nèi)完成，首批天然氣計(jì)劃在2025年上半年投入使用。
????為了填補(bǔ)2025年之后的市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)缺口，大洋洲的LNG開(kāi)發(fā)商正在相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，俄羅斯、卡塔爾和美國(guó)的低成本供應(yīng)商也更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。盡管如此，巴羅薩看起來(lái)處于有利地位，因?yàn)樯Ｍ兴挂呀?jīng)采取措施提高資本效率，預(yù)計(jì)向亞洲交付的英熱單位的盈虧平衡價(jià)格為5美元/百萬(wàn)美元。
????桑托斯（62.5%）目前與合作伙伴SK E&S(37.5%)共同持有巴羅薩合資公司的運(yùn)營(yíng)權(quán)益。
????桑托斯將向達(dá)爾文LNG合作伙伴JERA出售巴羅薩12.5%的股份，并將向SK E&S出售Bayu-Undan和達(dá)爾文LNG 25%的股份，這是一項(xiàng)具有約束力的協(xié)議，取決于巴羅薩的最終投資決策。
????值得注意的是，巴羅薩的儲(chǔ)層含有16%至20%的二氧化碳，是澳大利亞的液化天然氣開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目之一，任何關(guān)注氣候風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的投資者都會(huì)感到擔(dān)憂。作為全球最大的液化天然氣買家，日本正日益推動(dòng)碳中和能源議程。這可能解釋了為什么桑托斯和Diamond Gas也簽署了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議，以共同考慮從巴羅薩獲得碳中和液化天然氣的機(jī)會(huì)。
????裘寅 編譯自 能源之聲
????原文如下：
????Santos hands out FPSO deal for $3.6bn Barossa LNG scheme
????Australia’s Santos has awarded the biggest contract tied to its $3.6 billion Barossa liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in northern Australia that will backfill Darwin LNG. This offers a strong signal that a final approval for the scheme is imminent.
????Santos said today that BW Offshore will build, connect and operate the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel. The deal is subject to a final investment decision (FID), expected within weeks, and marks the largest capital expenditure component of the $3.6 billion Barossa offshore gas and condensate project designed to backfill the ageing Darwin LNG export terminal.
????Under a hybrid financing agreement, the Barossa joint venture will lease the FPSO following an upfront prepayment of around half the capital cost and hold an option to buy-out the floater. This “achieves an overall reduction of approximately $1 billion in capital expenditure,” said Santos.
????“This reduction in capital expenditure makes Barossa one of the lowest cost of supply projects in the world for LNG and will provide new supply into a tightening LNG market,” said Santos chief executive Kevin Gallagher.
????A chart shown at the company’s investor day late last year suggested, without naming competing projects, that Barossa-to-Darwin LNG would be slightly lower cost than PNG LNG and significantly below Woodside Petroleum’s brownfield projects in Western Australia, Australian research and consultancy firm EnergyQuest reported last December.
????The FPSO will be built in South Korea and Singapore before being towed and permanently located at the field, where it will process natural gas prior to its transport via pipeline to Darwin LNG. Condensate will be stored on the FPSO for periodic offloading.
????Barossa will provide the next source of gas for the existing Santos-operated Darwin LNG plant once current reserves from the Santos-operated Bayu-Undan field in the Timor Sea have been depleted.
????Gallagher said the award of the FPSO contract builds on the momentum of the Barossa project over the past six months and is the final milestone ahead of FID.
????“At the end of last year, we announced that transport and processing agreements had been finalised for Barossa gas to be tolled through Darwin LNG and we signed a long-term LNG sales agreement with Diamond Gas International, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Japan’s Mitsubishi Corporation,” added Gallagher.
????FID on the Barossa project is expected in the coming weeks with first gas targeted for the first half of 2025, said Santos.
????LNG developers in Australasia are racing against each other, as well as more competitive low-cost suppliers in Russia, Qatar and the U.S., to fill a projected market supply gap post 2025. Still, Barossa looks well positioned, as Santos has taken steps to boost the capital efficiency with an estimated breakeven price of $5/million British thermal units delivered to Asia.
????Santos currently holds a 62.5% operated interest in the Barossa joint venture along with partner SK E&S (37.5 per cent).
????Santos is finalising an agreement to sell a 12.5% stake in Barossa to Darwin LNG partner JERA and has a binding agreement to sell 25% interests in Bayu-Undan and Darwin LNG to SK E&S, subject to FID on Barossa.
????Significantly, Barossa’s reservoir, with 16% to 20% carbon dioxide, makes it one of Australia’s? LNG developments, and would concern any investor focused on climate risks. Japan, the world’s top LNG buyer, is increasingly pushing a carbon neutral energy agenda. This likely explains why Santos and Diamond Gas, have also signed an agreement to jointly consider opportunities for carbon neutral LNG from Barossa.
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